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Name:- Vidhya Pandya Semester:- MA -2 Roll No:- 32 Subject:-The Romantic Literature Enrolment No:- 2069108420190031  Year:- 2018-20 E-mail id:- vidhupandya10497@gmail.com Submitted to:- Department of English Paper no:- 5 Topic:- Critical commentary on “Ode on a Grecian Urn.” Words:- 1384 An ode is a form of poetry such as sonnet or elegy. Ode is a literary technique that is lyrical in nature, but not very lengthy. You have often read odes in which poets praise people, natural scenes, and abstract ideas. Ode is derived from a Greek word aeidein, which means to chant or sing. It is highly solemn and serious in its tone and subject matter, and usually is used with elaborate patterns of stanzas. However, the tone is often formal. A salient feature of ode is its uniform metrical feet, but poets generally do not strictly follow this rule though use highly elevated theme.  ◆ ode on a grecian urn:- Appraisal of beauty is the most important ingredient of John Keats’s poetry. Al

Name :- Vidhya Pandya Semester :- MA -2 Roll No: - 32 Paper No :- 6 Subject: -The Victorian Literature Enrolment No :- 2069108420190031 Year :- 2018-20 E-mail id: - vidhupandya10497@gmail.com Submitted to:- Department of English [MKBU] Topic :- Salient features of Victorian poetry, with reference to Tennyson &Browning’s poem. Words:- 969 ◆ Introduction:- Victorian literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria. This period was marked by the tremendous cultural upheaval. There were a drastic change & development in the form of literature, art   & music. Although the Victorian poetry was quite different from that of the preceding era, yet there were some similarities that existed between the 2 periods. ◆ Victorian Poetry Definition:- Poetry written during the reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1901 is defined as “Victorian Poetry”. The defining Characteristics of Victorian poetry are it’s focus on sensory ele

Name :- Vidhya Pandya Semester :- MA -2 Roll No :- 32 Subject: -literary theory and criticism 2 Enrolment No :- 2069108420190031 Year :- 2018-20 E-mail id: - vidhupandya10497@gmail.com Submitted to:- Department of English Paper no:- 7 Topic:- Short note on the various terms:- 1} Postmodernism, 2} Postcolonial Criticism 1) Postmodernism Postmodernism is a broad movement that developed in the mid- to late 20th century across philosophy, the arts, architecture, and criticism and that marked a departure from modernism. The term has also more generally been applied to the historical era following modernity and the tendencies of this era. (In this context, "modern" is not used in the sense of "contemporary", but merely as a name for a specific period in history.) 2) Criticisms Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. For example, Noam C

Name :- Vidhya Pandya Semester :- MA -2 Roll No :- 32 Subject: -The Cultural Studies Enrolment No :- 2069108420190031 Year :- 2018-20 E-mail id: - vidhupandya10497@gmail.com Submitted to:- Department of English Paper no:- 8 Topic:- Media hegemony Media hegemony is a perceived process by which certain values and ways of thought promulgated through the mass media become dominant in society. It is seen in particular as reinforcing the capitalist system. Media hegemony has been presented as influencing the way in which reporters in the media – themselves subject to prevailing values and norms – select news stories and put them across. A form of hegemony The concept of hegemony, first put forward by Antonio Gramsci (1971), refers to the moral, philosophical, and political leadership of a social group, which is not gained by force but by an active consent of other social groups obtained by taking control of culture and ideology. During this process, the lea

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Jacques Derrida was an Algerian born French philosopher best known for developing form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction. He is one of the major figures associated with post structuralism and postmodern philosophy.   Deconstruction is very hard to define. As Derrida himself denies to define this term by saying that all other terms we use in philosophy or literary criticism even deconstruction can not be once and finally define. Deconstruction is not destructive activity, but it is an inquiry into the foundation of everything. Deconstruction is not totally negative term. By it does not mean to destructive activity or breaking down anything. He says that “Deconstruction is not destructive activity but an inquiry into the foundations, causes of intellectual system. The concept of Decentering the Centre becomes important. Derrida trying to prove that one word lead us to another word rather than towards the meaning of word. It never allows to come at the centre of meaning. W

Structuralism is the offshoot of certain developments in linguistics and anthropology. Saussure’s mode of the synchronic study of language was an attempt to formulate the grammar of a language from a study of parole. Using the Saussurian linguistic model, Claude Levi-Strauss examined the customs and conventions of some cultures with a view of arriving at the grammar of those cultures. There are two types of methodology used by critics for study of language. 1.Diachronic 2.Synchronic Diachronic and Synchronicare two different viewpoints in linguistic analysis. A synchronic approach considers a language at a moment in a time without taking its history into account, Synchronic linguistics aims at describing a language at a specific point of time,usually the present. Languge = Langue + Parole In simple way Languge means the entire human potential for speech, Langue means the system that each of us uses to generate discourse which is intelligible to others, and Parole is indiv

Armstrong Richards was a British poet and scholar. He was the pioneer in the domain of New Criticism. He was an English educator His works are: 1. The Meaning of Meaning – 1923     2. The Principles of Literary Criticism – 1924     3. The Practical Criticism – 1929.     He mainly talks about four kinds of misunderstanding:     1.Misunderstanding of the sense of poetry: Careless, Intuitive reading     2.Over-Literal reading: prosaic reading    3.Defective scholarship; inappropriate metaphor    4. Difference in meaning of words in poetry and prose (personification,  Metaphors, etc.....) His practical approach gave new path to literary criticism. In his methodology, a lot of importance is given to the words. He believed that poet writes to communicate and language is the means of that communication. Language is made of words and words carry four kinds of meaning: Sense, Feelings, Tone and Intention.     According to I.A.Richards language can be used in two ways, scie

Thomas Stearns Eliot was one of the major poet of the 20h century. He was also an essayist,publisher,playwright and literary and social critic.His essay Tradition and Individual Talent is an attack on certain critical views in Romanticism particularly up on the idea that a poem is primarily an expression of the personality of the poet.Eliot argues that a great poem always asserts and that the poet must develop a sense of the sense  of the pastness of the past. 1) How would you like to explain Eliot's concept of tradition?  Do you agree with it? Yes, I am agree with the definition of tradition given by Eliot. He gave very effective and modern definition. He point out that tradition is matter of much wider significance. Eliot says that tradition cannot be inherited. Tradition involves a great deal of labour and erudition. It involves the historical sense which involves apparition not only of the pastness of past but also of its presence. Eliot is not believing in slavis